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AR-S6524-025-230

Human

Spine

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Procedure

Este es un abordaje eficaz para tratar todo tipo de hernias discales torácicas, minimizando significativamente los daños colaterales, la pérdida de sangre, el dolor posoperatorio y la manipulación de la médula espinal.1-4 Este es el único abordaje que ofrece una vista sin obstrucciones del canal torácico ventral sin una resección ósea extensa ni necesidad de acceder a la cavidad torácica.
Referencias
1. Bae J. Chachan S. Shin SH, Lee SH. Transforaminal endoscopic thoracic discectomy with foraminoplasty for the treatment of thoracic disc herniation. J Spine Surg. 2020:6(2):397-404. doi:10.21037/iss.2019.11.19
2. Komp M. Ruetten S. Full-endoscopic anterior excision of thoracic disc herniations, including giant and calcified discs with spinal cord compression: surgical technique and outcomes. Eur Spine J. 2023.32(8):2685-2693. doi:10.1007/00586-023-07807-0
3. Konakondia S, Sofoluke N, Barber SM, Rimini SA, Siotkin JR. Outpatient endoscopic resection of large calcified thoracic disc herniation with caudal displacement. Neurosurg Focus Video. 2022:6(1):V/18. doi:10.3171/2021.10.FOCVID2112
4. Telfeian AE, Wagner R. Transforaminal endoscopic thoracic discectomy, surgical technique. J Spine Surg. 2023:9(2):166-175. doi:10.21037/ss-22-109

Discectomía endoscópica torácica transforaminal

Child (D)

The traditional open approach for treating far lateral disc herniations at L5-S1 is challenging. Alternatively, the transforaminal endoscopic approach lands directly at the far lateral zone and requires little or no facet resection to achieve decompression.

Far Lateral Transforaminal Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy

The ultra-minimally invasive trans-SAP approach provides a targeted corridor for accessing foraminal and lateral recess pathology, as well as cranial disc extrusions, particularly when facet anatomy or pathology limits a direct trajectory beneath the superior articular process. 1,2&nbsp;
 
References
 
1. Lee S, Kim SK, Lee SH, et al. Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy for migrated disc herniation: classification of disc migration and surgical approaches. Eur Spine J. 2007;16(3):431-437. doi:10.1007/s00586-006-0219-4
2. Lewandrowski KU, Telfeian AE, Hellinger S, et al. Difficulties, challenges, and the learning curve of avoiding complications in lumbar endoscopic spine surgery. Int J Spine Surg. 2021;15(suppl 3):S21-S37. doi:10.14444/8161

Trans-SAP Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy

Un abordaje transforaminal o paraespinal permite acceder a hernias-laterales lejanas. El uso de un endoscopio específico para columna minimiza el daño a los tejidos blandos, lo que da como resultado menor dolor posoperatorio. 1,2 Además, estudios demostraron que aproximadamente el 85 % de los pacientes sometidos a discectomía lumbar endoscópica retornaron a la actividad deportiva en tan solo 6 a 8 semanas.3,4
Referencias
1. Sairyo&nbsp;K, Matsuura T,&nbsp;Higashino&nbsp;K, et al. Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar&nbsp;discectomy for athletes. J Spine. 2013;S5(006):1-4. doi:10.4172/2165-7939.S5-006&nbsp;​
2. Sivakanthan&nbsp;S, Williams JR,&nbsp;Feroze&nbsp;AH, et al. Endoscopic spine surgery in&nbsp;athletes: case series and review of literature. World&nbsp;Neurosurg. 2021;145:702-707. doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2020.08.211
3. Polikandriotis&nbsp;JA, Hudak EM, Perry MW. Minimally invasive surgery through&nbsp;endoscopic laminotomy and foraminotomy for the treatment of lumbar spinal&nbsp;stenosis. J&nbsp;Orthop. 2013;10(1):13-16. doi:10.1016/j.jor.2013.01.006
4. Ruetten&nbsp;S,&nbsp;Komp&nbsp;M, Merk H,&nbsp;Godolias&nbsp;G. Use of newly developed instruments&nbsp;and endoscopes: Full-endoscopic resection of lumbar disc herniations via the&nbsp;interlaminar and lateral transforaminal approach. J&nbsp;Neurosurg&nbsp;Spine.&nbsp;2007;6(6):521-530. doi:10.3171/spi.2007.6.6.2

Discectomía lumbar endoscópica transforaminal

Minimally invasive endoscopic cervical foraminotomy and decompression is designed to treat cervical radiculopathy and other conditions that compress the nerve root. Utilizing an endoscope, surgeons can directly visualize and remove compressive pathology such as disc herniations, osteophytes, and hypertrophic ligaments. This technique minimizes soft-tissue disruption, reduces blood loss, allows for quicker recovery, and has demonstrated high clinical success rates, with a systematic review reporting 91.3% overall and up to 94.2% for posterior approaches.1,2 Additionally, long-term follow-ups show lasting symptom relief, high patient satisfaction, and a lower risk of adjacent segment disease compared to traditional ACDF surgery.3
Potential applications include treatment of cervical radiculopathy, herniated cervical discs, cervical spondylosis, foraminal stenosis, and osteophytes (bone spurs). Research supports its effectiveness in treating both soft disc herniations, where the nucleus pulposus compresses the nerve root, and hard disc herniations caused by calcified disc material.4 A lower incidence of spinal instability has also been reported, suggesting a reduced need for future spinal fusion procedures.5
Careful patient selection is key to optimal surgical outcomes; those with major deformity, instability, or large central herniations may require alternative surgery. With proper selection and advancing technology, this method remains a safe, effective, and motion-preserving option for cervical nerve decompression.1
References
1. Huang CC, Fitts J, Huie D, Bhowmick DA, Abd-El-Barr MM. Evolution of cervical endoscopic spine surgery: current progress and future directions—a narrative review.&nbsp;J Clin Med.&nbsp;2024;13(7):2122. doi:10.3390/jcm13072122
2. Alomar SA, Maghrabi Y, Baeesa SS, Alves ÓL. Outcome of anterior and posterior endoscopic procedures for cervical radiculopathy due to degenerative disk disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.&nbsp;Global Spine J.&nbsp;2022;12(7):1546-1560. doi:10.1177/2192568221103727
3. Kim HS, Wu PH, Tze-Chun Lau E, Jang IT. Narrative review of uniportal posterior endoscopic cervical foraminotomy.&nbsp;World Neurosurg.&nbsp;2024;181:148-153. doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2023.10.021
4. Bergamaschi JPM, Brito MBS, Araújo FF, et al. Surgical technique of central and over-the-top full-endoscopic decompression of the cervical spine: a technical note.&nbsp;J Pers Med.&nbsp;2023;13(10):1508. doi:10.3390/jpm13101508
5. Zhang C, Wu J, Zheng W, Li C, Zhou Y. Posterior endoscopic cervical decompression: review and technical note.&nbsp;Neurospine.&nbsp;2020;17(Suppl 1):S74-S80. doi:10.14245/ns.2040166.083

Dilator, 2.5 mm x230 mm

AR-S6524-025-230

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